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tung oil
Tung oil or China wood oil is a drying oil obtained by pressing the seed from the nut of the tung tree (''Vernicia fordii''). As a drying oil, tung oil hardens (dries) upon exposure to air. The resulting coating is transparent and plastic-like; a property which is exploited in most of its applications such as wood finishing, as well as in the composition of oil paints and printing inks. Related drying oils include linseed, safflower, poppy, and soybean.〔Ulrich Poth, "Drying Oils and Related Products" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002. 〕 The oil and its use are believed to have originated in ancient China and appear in the writings of Confucius from about 400 B.C.
Raw Tung oil tends to dry to a fine wrinkled finish; the US name for this is gas checking: this property was used to make wrinkle finishes, usually by adding excess cobalt drier. To stop this, the oil is heated to gas-proof it, and most oils used for coating are gas-proofed.
The name is often used by paint and varnish manufacturers as a generic name for any wood finishing product that contains the real tung oil and/or provides a finish that resembles that obtained with it.〔Tung Oil, (WoodworkDetails.com )〕
== History ==
The tung oil tree originates in southern China and was cultivated there for tung oil, but the date of cultivation remains unknown. During the Song Dynasty, tung oil was used for waterproofing on ships.〔Ebrey, Patricia Buckley, Anne Walthall, James B. Palais (2006). ''East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History''. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 0-618-13384-4. p. 133.〕 Tung oil is etymologically derived from the Chinese ''tongyou''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tung%20oil )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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